保护并改善生物多样性

我们主要在印度尼西亚开展业务,这里有着地球上最丰富的生物多样性。印度尼西亚的热带雨林是地球上成千上万种植物、哺乳动物和鸟类的家园,其中包括像红毛猩猩、老虎和穿山甲等一些濒危物种。我们认识到了棕榈油行业给这些重要的生态系统所带来的压力,而这些生态系统为我们的企业和当地社区提供了重要的服务功能。保护并改善生物多样性和保育自然环境是 GAR首要任务之一。

GAR 正在通过负责任的棕榈油生产实践,应对这些情况,其中包括我们实施的不砍伐森林和零燃烧政策。我们致力于保护珍稀濒危物种。针对捕猎、伤害、拥有和杀戮珍稀濒危物种,GAR采取严格的零容忍政策。我们已经确立高保护价值区域,以及在我们特许经营区和周边地区生存的珍稀濒危物种;我们还采取适当的保护措施,并持续密切监测我们种植园和特许经营区中的生物多样性状况。

我们特许经营区域中的动物种类

根据《印度尼西亚国家保护物种法》的划分,这一表格列出了在我们特许经营区中的濒危物种的完整名录。

受威胁物种列表

科学名称 印度尼西亚文名称 英文名称 家族 保育状态
自然保护联盟 城市 RI 106/2018 号政府法规
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus Musang Common Palm Civet Viverridae LC App III -
Arctictis binturong Binturong Binturong Viverridae VU App III D
Helarctos malayanus Beruang madu Sun Bear Ursidae VU App I D
Tragulus napu Napu Greater Oriental Chevrotain Tragulidae LC - D
Tragulus javanicus Kancil/Pelanduk Javan Chevrotain Tragulidae DD - D
Tarsius bancanus saltator Tarsius Horsfield's Tarsier Tarsiidae EN - D
Sus barbatus Babi hutan Beared Pig Suidae VU - -
Ratufa bicolor Jelarang Black Giant Squirrel Sciuridae NT App II -
Lariscus insignis Tupai tiga warna Three-striped Ground Squirrel Sciuridae LC - -
Pteropus vampyrus Kalong besar Large Flying-fox Pteropodidae EN App II -
Mydaus javanensis Segung Sunda Stink-badger Mustelidae LC - -
Lutra lutra Berang-berang Eurasian Otter Mustelidae NT App I D
Manis javanica Trenggiling Sunda Pangolin Manidae CR App I D
Thylogale brunii Kanguru tanah (Lau-lau) Dusky Pademelon Macropodidae VU - D
Dendrolagus goodfellowi Kanguru pohon Goodfelow's Tree Kangaroo Macropodidae EN - D
Nycticebus coucang Malu-malu Greater Slow Loris Lorisidae EN App I D
Hystrix brachyura Landak Malayan porcupine Hystricidae LC - -
Hylobates muelleri Kelampiau Muller Bornean Gibbon Hylobatidae EN App I D
Hylobates agilis Owa ungko Agile Gibbon Hylobatidae EN App I D
Pongo pygmaeus morio Orangutan Bornean Orangutan Hominidae CR - D
Prionailurus bengalensis Macan akar Leopard Cat Felidae LC App I D
Pardofelis marmorata Kucing batu Marbled Cat Felidae NT App I D
Neofelis nebulosa Macan dahan Clouded Leopard Felidae VU App I -
Galeopterus variegatus Kubung Sunda Flying Lemur Cynocephalidae LC - -
Rusa unicolor Rusa Sambar Cervidae VU - D
Rusa timorensis Rusa Javan Deer Cervidae VU - D
Muntiacus muntjak Kijang Southern Red Muntjac Cervidae LC - D
Presbytis rubicunda Lutung Merah (Kelasi) Maroon Leaf Monkey Cercopithecidae VU App II D
Presbytis melalophos Lutung simpai Sumatran surili Cercopithecidae EN App II D
Nasalis larvatus Bekantan Proboscis monkey Cercopithecidae EN App I D
Ictinaetus malayensis Elang hitam Black Eagle Accipitridae LC - D
Ichthyophaga humilis Elang ikan kecil Lesser Brown Bustard Accipitridae NT - D
Henicopernis longicauda Elang ekor panjang Long-tailed Honey-buzzard Accipitridae LC - -
Haliastur indus Elang bondol Brahminy Kite Accipitridae LC - D
Haliaeetus leucogaster Elang bengap White-bellied Sea-eagle Accipitridae LC - D
Elanus caeruleus Elang tikus Black-winged Kite Accipitridae LC - D
Butastur liventer Elang cokelat Rufous-winged Buzzard Accipitridae LC - D
Butastur indicus Elang kelabu Grey-faced Buzzard Accipitridae LC - D
Accipiter virgatus Elang Besra Besra Accipitridae LC - D
Varanus salvator Biawak Common Water Monitor Varanidae - App II -
Varanus borneensis Biawak Kalimantan Bornean Monitor Varanidae - App II -
Amyda cartilaginea Labi-labi Southeast Asian Softshell Turtle Trionychidae VU App II -
Python reticulatus Ular sawa Reticulated Python Pythonidae - - -
Morelia viridis Ular sanca hijau Green Tree Python Pythonidae LC - -
Naja sumatrana Ular kobra Equatorial Spitting Cobra Elapidae LC App II -
Crocodylus porosus Buaya muara Salt-water crocodile Crocodylidae LR/LC App I D
Crocodylus novaeguineae Buaya New Guinea Crocodile Crocodylidae LR/LC - -
Tomistoma schlegelii Buaya senyulong False Gharial Crocodylidae VU App I D
Hypsilurus papuensis Kadal Papua Forest Dragon Agamidae LC - -
Gonystylus macrophyllus Ramin Ramin Thymelaeaceae LC App II -
Gonystilus bancanus Ramin Ramin Thymelaeaceae CR App II -
Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk Garu /gaharu /engkaras Lign-aloes Thymelaeaceae CR App II -
Cantleya comiculata Anggrek Hutan Orchid Stemonuraceae VU - -
Bulbophyllum sp. Anggrek Hutan Orchid Orchidaceae - App II -
Coelogyne sp. Anggrek Hutan Orchid Orchidaceae - App II -
Cymbidium sp. Anggrek Hutan Orchid Orchidaceae - App II -
Dendrobium sp. Anggrek Hutan Orchid Orchidaceae - App II -
Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume Anggrek tebu Orchid Orchidaceae - - D
Napenthes maxima type green Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes reindwardtiana Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes gracilis Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes rafflesiana Jack Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes papuana Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes bracheata Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae - App II D
Nepenthes bellii Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes ampullaria Jack. Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes mirabilis Lour. Druce Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LC App II D
Nepenthes andamana Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae - App II D
Nepenthes alata Kantong semar / Akar entuyut Tropical Pitcher Plant Nepenthaceae LR/LC App II D
Eusideroxylon zwageri T. & B. Ulin Borneo Ironwood Lauraceae VU - -
Koompasia excelsa Menggeris Kempas Fabaceae LR/LC - -
Koompassia malaccensis Kempas Kempas Fabaceae LR/LC - -
Shorea stenoptera Burck Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae EN - D
Shorea smithiana Symington Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Shorea seminis v. Slooten Tengkawang / Meranti Balau Dipterocarpaceae CR - D
Shorea platycarpa Heim Tengkawang / Meranti Light Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Shorea pinanga Scheff Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae - - D
Shorea peltata Tengkawang / Meranti Yellow Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Shorea pallidifolia Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Shorea palembanica Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - D
Shorea macrophylla Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae VU - -
Shorea leprosula Tengkawang / Meranti Red Meranti Dipterocarpaceae NT - -
Shorea lamellata Tengkawang / Meranti White Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Shorea induplicata Tengkawang / Meranti Balau Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Shorea foxworthyi Tengkawang / Meranti Balau Dipterocarpaceae VU - -
Shorea beccariana Burck Tengkawang / Meranti Balau Dipterocarpaceae - - D
Parashorea lucida Tengkawang / Meranti White Meranti Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Hopea sangal Korth. Merawan Merawan, chengal Dipterocarpaceae VU - -
Hopea pachycarpa Merawan Merawan Dipterocarpaceae VU - -
Hopea mengerawan Miquel Merawan / Meranti batu Merawan Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Hopea ferruginea Merawan Merawan Dipterocarpaceae CR - -
Dryobalanops aromatica Kapur Borneo camphor Dipterocarpaceae VU - -
Dipterocarpus retusus Keruing gunung Keruing Dipterocarpaceae EN - -
Dipterocarpus hasseltii Keruing bunga Keruing Dipterocarpaceae EN - -
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus Keruing hijau Keruing Dipterocarpaceae EN - -
Cotylelobium lanceolatum Resak - Dipterocarpaceae VU - -
Anisoptera grossivenia Mersawa - Dipterocarpaceae EN - -
Durio carinatus Durian Durian Bombacaceae - - -
Durio dulcis Durian Durian Bombacaceae VU - -
Durio kutenjensis Durian Durian Bombacaceae VU - -
Durio zibethinus Pekawai Durian Bombacaceae - - -
Amorphophallus titanum Bunga bangkai Titan Arum Araceae - - D
Dyera costulata Jelutung Borneo Tallow Apocynaceae LR/LC - -
Combretocarpus rotundatus Perepat - Combretaceae VU - -
Icthyophaga ichthyaetus Icthyophaga ichthyaetus Grey-headed Fish-eagle Accipitridae NT - D
Milvus migrans Elang paria Black Kite Accipitridae LC - D
Nisaetus alboniger Elang jambul Blyth's Hawk-eagle Accipitridae LC - D
Nisaetus cirrhatus Elang brontok Changeable Hawk-eagle Accipitridae LC - D
Spilornis cheela Elang ular bido Crested Serpent-eagle Accipitridae LC - D
Alcedo coerulescens Raja udang biru Cerulean Kingfisher Alcedinidae LC - D

教育是 GAR 保育工作的核心。我们对自己的雇员、小农户、供应商和当地社区开展教育,让他们了解保护濒危物种的重要性。

我们自己也在不断地学习。GAR 与非政府组织展开合作,并与知名大学协作开展科研项目,学习如何更好地保护、保存并改善生物多样性。

红毛猩猩保育计划

biodiversity

红毛猩猩在世界自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 濒危物种红色名录中被列为极危濒危物种。红毛猩猩的种群数量在 20 世纪迅速减少,据 IUCN 估计,野生红毛猩猩的数量已经不足 120,000 只。砍伐森林是造成红毛猩猩数量锐减的重要原因。

我们从2011年到2023年与国际猩猩基金会(OFI)合作,帮助恢复并释放红毛猩猩使其重归森林。

从2011年到2020年,我们已经释放了127只红毛猩猩。

biodiversity
biodiversity

生物多样性研究

biodiversity

GAR 相信我们是对近 50 万公顷的棕榈油种植园作为一个负责任的管理者。Sinar Mas Agro Resources and Technology Research Institute (SMARTRI) 与剑桥大学合作,研究油棕种植园中植物和昆虫物种的多样性。通过这项研究,GAR 希望学习并实施更好的管理策略,来支持我们种植园的生物多样性和生态系统过程。由于昆虫种群正面临着潜在的全球性崩溃 这项研究变得越来越重要。我们的种植园中生存着各种各样的昆虫,它们执行着极其重要的生态任务(如授粉)。作为我们维护种植园生物多样性工作的一部分,我们已经减少了杀虫剂和除草剂的使用,并采用了病虫害综合治理 (IPM) 方法